UPC (Universal Product Code)
A UPC (Universal Product Code) is a standardized 12-digit barcode used to identify products at retail checkouts and throughout the supply chain in North America.
What is a UPC?
A UPC, or Universal Product Code, is a 12-digit barcode symbology used to identify retail merchandise, primarily in the United States and Canada. It is one of the most widely recognized product identifiers in the world, appearing on almost every product sold in North American retail stores.
UPCs are issued and managed by GS1 US, a member of the global GS1 standards organization. They are a specific type of GTIN (GTIN-12).
Anatomy of a UPC
- Company prefix — assigned by GS1, identifies the brand or manufacturer
- Product reference — assigned by the brand, identifies the specific product
- Check digit — a calculated digit that validates the barcode
UPC vs. EAN vs. GTIN
- UPC (GTIN-12) — 12 digits, used primarily in North America
- EAN (GTIN-13) — 13 digits, used internationally (Europe and globally)
- GTIN — the umbrella standard; both UPC and EAN are types of GTIN
- ASIN — Amazon's internal product identifier, separate from GTIN/UPC
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a UPC to sell on Amazon?
In most cases, yes. Amazon requires a GTIN (UPC, EAN, or ISBN) for most product listings unless you have a brand registry exemption. Without a valid UPC, your listing may be suppressed.
Where do I get a UPC for my product?
UPCs are purchased from GS1 US. You apply for a GS1 Company Prefix, then assign individual GTINs (UPCs) to each of your products within that prefix range.